Midterm

DescriptionPreferred language bolt English(U.S.)Please double-space the exam, 12 font, and mail it to me thru the Assignment Drop Box.There argon 3 questions worth a get of 50 points (about 16.6 points a piece). The questions have multiple-parts. dish out all of the parts for each question.2. CJ experts fill in that it is exhausting to evaluate just how un definite an wrongdoers prox air force be. What argon some of the problems associated with measuring stickment take a chance?Explain why it is valuable to afflict to measure an wrongdoers insecurity.How does touchstone assay of exposure help the CJ schema puzzle out more than soundly?http//www.francistimko.com/ insecurity/RISK%20ASSESSMENT.htmTOC2_43. What does it mean to tell probationers? why do probation surgical incisions classify the offenders on their caseloads? surmise yourself as a probation incumbent which salmagundi of probationers would you prefer to care and why?HINTS import well, edit.DO NO T discuss prisoners, prisons, jails, incarceration. You arnt in that class. You ar in a community corrections class.All of these questions claim some version from you textbook. go int try to answer any of the questions without reading the appropriate section of your text. I demand and want you to read yout textbook as you prepare the mid-term. Answer the questions I asked. Dont answer questions I didnt ask. modal(a) Sanctions Range of sentencing options that, fall someplace mingled with outright imprisonment and impartial probationary release back into the community.Michael J. Russel, power director of the NIJ says that intermediate punishments are mean to provide prosecutors, judges, and corrections officials with sentencing options that permit them to get into appropriate punishments to convicted offenders while not universe constrained by the traditional natural selection mingled with prison and probation. Rather than modify for prison or probation, however, thes e sanctions, which include duo the gap between those options and provide sophisticated ways to ensure swift and certain punishment. From the introduction to James Austin, Michael Jones, and Melissa Boylard, The suppuration Use of Jail1. Some hoi polloi argue that intermediate sanctions are the lift out new approach to sentencing offenders in the community. mark what experts mean by intermediate sanctions and what they are designed to do BOTH for offenders and the CJ system. How do experts justify the assume for intermediate sanctions? Intermediate sanctions are controversial. Why?Intermediate sanctions is a term used for punishments that bridge the spectrum between prison and probation. They include intensive management probation, work release, house arrest, day fines, summation forfeiture, restitution, community service, boot camp and, occasionally, eye abuse treatment programs.These programs are intend to provide swift and certain punishment while decreasing the economi c issue of the prison system, and simultaneously helping association feel that turns are punished with something more than a slap on the wrist. They are excessively intended to provide low-spirited adventure offenders with the intervention and assistance that they need in the hopes of reducing recidivism. Intermediate sanctions also theoretically decrease the take chances that a low level offender leave alone become hardened during incarceration.IS is controversial, for the most part, because research has shown that it does not accomplish the goals that have been set. hit-or-miss experiments involving the assignment of offenders to ISP or probation showed no statistical differences in rearrest, but significantly change magnitude technical violations of parole among the offenders enrolled in the intensively supervised program.From that experiment, it is assumed that although ISP programs exist to a greater extent to run, they are no more effective in reducing recidivism t han traditional probation programs. forfeiture judgments, in which the government confiscates property obtained with ineligible money, have been successfully challenged in court. NIJ department studies of boot camp programs have shown that the programs in general do not last considerable enough to reduce recidivism. When the programs did last vast enough to have that impact, they offered no veridical cost benefits to traditional incarceration.2. CJ experts know that it is difficult to evaluate just how risky an offenders futurebehavior might be. What are some of the problems associated with measuring risk? Explain why it is important to try to measure an offenders risk. How does measuring risk help the CJ system operate more effectively?Although many evaluatements follow to evaluate an offenders future risk, all estimates contain some flaws They assess different esteems (which whitethorn vary, depending on the communitys needs), every prognostication instrument contains hidden policy and value decisions, and anyone employ a standardized assessment has to pay yearly fees to the proprietary vendor. For the in a higher place reasons, several societies have elected to relegate their own assessments but with this choice comes the problems associated with running(a) the bugs out and making sure that the assessments are accurately measuring that which is intended.It is important to measure an offenders risk of recidivism as well as his risk of escalating the force of his attacks in order to adequately value society while keeping the cost of the criminal justice system to its controlling minimum. Measuring offenders risk and adjusting the conditions of probation or intermediate sanctions accordingly theoretically decreases the likelihood of a repeat offense, which physically protects society and assists in keeping the operating(a) costs of the system lower payable to NOT having to re-house this particular offender.3. What does it mean to classify probationers? Why do probation departments classifythe offenders on their caseloads?Imagine yourself as a probation officer which classification of probationers would you prefer to supervise and why?Probationers are classified by risk and need within the first xxx days hat they are delegate to a PO. The risk is the total of the tally for address changes, employment, substance abuse, attitude, age at first conviction, prior offenses and prior beleaguer offenses. Each item is weighted and totaled, and the impart is combined with the need score.Need score are based on vocational skills, employment issues, financial stability, family stability, emotional and mental issues, substance abuse, health, sexual behavior, and officers impression. Probationers are the classified into high, medium, and low categories using pre even upd values. A higher risk assessment is considered to correlate to an increased risk of probation violations. Probation officers use this risk assessment to de termine how to most effectively allocate their resources of clock time and energy, while attempting to insure that each offender receives adequate amounts of each to prevent violations of the probation agreement, and to determine any violations that do occur.Although it may attend irrational, I believe that if I were a PO I would prefer to supervise medium to high level risks, plainly because the research indicates that regardless of risk assessment there is an inverse relationship between repeat violations and the level of supervision offenders receive. It is my mind that officers who are assigned low risk offenders may be less waking about catching offenses, or that the offenders may feel like they have sufficient opportunity to engage in criminal behavior, which results in a greater risk to potential victims of these crimes. An officer supervising a released rapist, for example, may find it easier to attain inevitable resources than one supervising an identity thief, c ontempt the fact that the identity thief is as likely to re-offend simply because rape is an enthrall crime.Midterm