Essay on Compare and Contrast the Baroque Music and Jazz

The Baroque period spanned from 1600 to 1750. The baroque period can be divided into three parts: early (1600-1640), middle (1640-1680), and late (1680-1750). Although today most people recognize the latest part as the baroque music, the earliest part was one of the most revolutionary phases in music history. The early baroque composers rejected the polyphony texture of the late Renaissance music and favored homophonic texture. They also focused on harmony rather than the complexity of melodic lines. The growth of figured bass and counterpoint represents the development of harmony. However, by the late baroque period, polyphonic texture returned to favor. Famous Baroque composers: - Johann Sebastian Bach Popular work: Air on a G†¦show more content†¦The beginning of this piece is mainly homophonic in texture as there is always one independent melody. When vocal sings the main melody, other instruments such as drum and piano play the bass lines. However, as the song gets close to the end, its texture becomes more like polyphonic. Imitation, Call and response and counterpoint abound. After repeating the main melody six times, there is call and response between trumpets and vocal. The vocal asks, â€Å"Tell me what’d I say† and trumpets answer. The same idea is repeated several times with different lyrics. After the part, there is call and response between the main vocal and chorus again. Melody in baroque music creates a feeling of continuity. The opening melody will be repeated throughout a baroque piece. Although the melody is often repeated in an altered form using variation technique, its idea remains in a piece. Also, baroque melodies often sound elaborate and ornamental in baroque pieces. Baroque music also tends to have one basic mood. If a piece begins with joyful mood, it will remain throughout the piece. The baroque composers often created mood by using a descriptive musical language. They favored word painting, which music enhances the meaning and emotion of the text. For example, they used dark and slow music in lyrics about death. This made music more expressive and powerful. The rhythm in baroque music is often constant.Show MoreRelatedNespresso Co. Analysis15084 Words   |  61 PagesClub iv. The Boutique Concept c. An Innovation of Business model in the Coffee Industry: II. COUNTRY CLIMATE d. Cultural Environment v. Art vi. Architecture vii. Literature viii. Music ix. Media x. Science e. Social environment xi. Labor law xii. Social protection xiii. Swiss work permits xiv. Hofstede’s model applied to Switzerland f. Economic environment Read MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 Pagesthey do not possess the revelant feature. Consequently, identification of the relevant feature results in the establishment of a new, unique, objective category. xvi A NOTE ON TERMINOLOGY (noyeau semique) and are, therefore, semantic variables (compare with Émile Beneveniste s extrinsic semes). The new integrity of semic nucleus plus contextual seme(s) constitutes a sememe. (Note that in the terminology of the American linguist Leonard Bloomfield, a sememe is the significate of a morpheme. Metz

Charles Dicken s A Christmas Carol Essay - 1889 Words

This past Wednesday, I embarked with my National Honor Society on a field trip to watch the performance of a Christmas classic, Charles Dicken’s A Christmas Carol. The performance was a stage musical performed by the cast of the La Comedia dinner theatre. Being a strong performer in the theatre and theatre enthusiast myself, I was excited to watch this Christmas classic come to life on stage. As a child, I made frequent visits to La Comedia with family members, so I find myself very familiar with this theatre. I have always found a love for the atmosphere of the theatre, the food provided, and the performances presented on the stage. At La Comedia, they claim to provide ‘a taste of Broadway’, which immediately sets the standards for each production. I have very high expectations for each performance I attend and this performance of A Christmas Carol did not disappoint. The actors of La Comedia definitely do not lack extraordinary talent, and the entire theatre s taff sticks to traditions they have developed over time, giving the entire setting a wonderful, traditional ambiance. The La Comedia performance of A Christmas Carol did an exquisite job of bringing this story to life while sticking to the classic tale, with the additions of great songs from the Broadway version and the overall atmosphere and service provided for an entertaining event. When we first drove into the La Comedia parking lot, we were politely greeted by a staff member who was in charge of helping ourShow MoreRelatedCharles Dickens s A Christmas Carol1923 Words   |  8 PagesEnglish author Charles Dickens has written many well known novels such as Oliver Twist and A Christmas Carol, of which both have a recurring theme: the expectations of society. During the Victorian Era, England was over populated and had terrible living conditions, with an enormous gap between the rich and the poor. Generally, people during the Victorian Era were not allowed to talk about things suc h as sex and crime, and had to live by strict social rules set by society. With the social disparitiesRead MoreThe Miserable And Wretched Creatures Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein And Charles Dickens s A Christmas Carol1697 Words   |  7 Pagesdirectly toward this issue, like Karl Marx in the â€Å"Communist Manifesto,† but others decided voice their opinions through the characters of their literary works. The miserable and wretched creatures of Mary Shelley’s â€Å"Frankenstein† and Charles Dickens’s â€Å"A Christmas Carol† are all products of the same social and cultural forces, however one is more noticeably linked to these issues while the other is more abstract. The two child-like spirits, Ignorance and Want, serve as warnings to Scrooge that societyRead MoreThe Life Of Charles Dickens A Christmas Carol1062 Words   |  5 Pageslasted from 1832 to 1901 under Queen Victoria’s reign. The culture revealed in this era was a time of rapi d change, social inequality, industrialization, supernatural and religious beliefs, and was accurately reflected in the works of Charles Dickens, A Christmas Carol. Roles of men and women were strictly defined, as were economic statuses. The hustle and bustle of the streets led to illnesses. Working conditions were destitute and unsanitary. Children often had little to no education, unless veryRead MoreSocial Criticism In A Christmas Carol By Charles Dickens765 Words   |  4 Pagesbehind the world renowned classic, A Christmas Carol. Charles Dickens, born on February 7, 1812, spent the first nine years of his life living in southeast England with his father John, who was kind and likable man, although financially irresponsible. After moving to London, the twelve-year-old Dickens had his father arrested and set to debtors’ prison where his mother moved seven of their children, but arranged for Charles to live alone outside the prison. Charles spent three traumatic years away fromRead MoreCharles Dickens s Life And Life878 Words   |  4 PagesCharles Dickens was an adored, creative and respected British author of several literary pieces that are at this time are referred as classics. He was born on February 7, 1812, in Portsmouth which is located on the southern coast of England. Charles Dickens had a very rough upbringing. He didn’t have the ordinary life a child has. Between seven brothers and sisters he was the second born. His parents raised them together until his father whose name was John had accumulating amounts of debts whichRead MoreA Christmas Carol Essay1010 Words   |  5 PagesA Christmas Carol was written by Charles Dickens in 1843. Life for the lower class during this time was extremely hard because of enormous amounts of illnesses, young children worked and no education. A Christmas Carol was set in mid 19th century, during this time people had a really bad time; most of the people was unemployed and the people who were employ ed were paid deficiently, others were seasonal or casual, which meant they were when work was available so most of the families lived in povertyRead MoreA Christmas Carol By Charles Dickens1139 Words   |  5 Pages The book I have chosen is A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens. It has been rewrote few times but I wanted to pick the author that started it all. Charles John Huffman Dickens lived from February 7th,1812 – June 9th,1970 making him 58 when he died. He was buried Westminster Abbey. His mother and father were John and Elizabeth Dickens. He had seven siblings four brothers and three sisters. During his life he was married to his wife Catherine Dickens from 1836 to the day he died. Together they hadRead MoreThe Denver Center For Performing Arts1255 Words   |  6 PagesThe production A Christmas Carol was performed at the Denver Center for Performing Arts located in Denver, Colorado. I had the pleasure to attend the show on December 14th in the Stage Theater and I was captivated. This show captured the essence of a theatrical production. To avoid false impressions, the production I saw was performed in 2013. This is a foretaste for those thinking about attending the future perfo rmance in 2016; especially those who desire the theater experience. The Denver CenterRead MoreCharles Dickens Great Expectations1669 Words   |  7 PagesCharles Dickens He was one of England s greatest authors of the 1800 s, better known as the Victorian era. The various themes and ideas of that time are perfectly showcased in his many novels and short stories, such as Nicholas Nickelby, Great Expectations, Oliver Twist, A Tale of Two Cities, and A Christmas Carol. Much of the inspiration for these works came from the trials and conflicts that he dealt with in his own life. His volumes of fictional writing show the greatRead MoreEveryone Appreciates A Good, Rags, And Oliver Twist1728 Words   |  7 PagesEveryone appreciates a good ‘rags to riches’ story. Charles Dickens did as well, in fact it could be said that his own story was one of rags to riches. Dickens knew poverty, he also knew people, and how poverty can effect and change them. Over the course of his life he wrote some of the most famous and beloved stories, from â€Å"A Christmas Carol,† â€Å"Great Expectation†, and â€Å"Oliver Twist†, to â€Å"Nicholas Nickleby† and â€Å"Davis Copperfield.† Today Dickens is considered to be by many, one of the most well-known

Role of Tourism as Key Economic Activity in Australia

Question: Discuss about the Role of Tourism as Key Economic Activity in Australia. Answer: Inroduction Austalian continet attracts a large number of tourists from the entire world because of its biological diversity, flora, fauna, species for which it is regarded as one of the developed nation with a megadiverse status. The two major factors that attract the tourists in any country are the natural endownments that add to the countrs beauty and the business opportunities. The tourism sector is a fastest growing industry that plays a significant role in the economic and social development of the country. The Tourism sector of any country has the potential to kindle another sector of the market (travel sector, hotels and hospitality industry) because of its cross synergistic benefits and its forward and backward connections. The Tourism sector in Australia provides funds to the major economic infrastructure likes roads, airports, hotels and helps in making a connection with people outside the country (Australian Government, 2016). Travel Tourism sector in Australia directly contributed to GDP in the year 2015 amounting Australian Dollar 43.8bn (which was 2.9% of total GDP) and is expected to increase by 4.9% in 2016, and to increase by 3.2% every year from 2016-2025, to Australian Dollar 62.1bn (3.0% of total GDP) in the year 2025. The visitor exports produced Australian Dollar 21.1bn (6.5% of total exports) in the year 2015. It is expected to increase by 4.3% in 2016, and rise by 2.5% every year, from the year 2016-2026, to Australian Dollar 26.9bn in the year 2026 (5.6% of the total). The Tourism sector provides job opportunities to almost 500,000 people and earns approximately 10% of total export earnings which makes it the largest export sector (Tourism Australia, 2013). From the above survey report, it is clear that tourism sector plays a significant role in economic development of the country by adding to its GDP, providing job opportunities and supports other major sectors of the country. Tourism sector affects the society and economy of the country in both positive and negative way. On one hand tourism adds to the GDP of the country and on another hand it affects the natural habitat of the country and may cause a disturbance in the lifestyle of local communities. Australia itself is involved in a number of activities such as mining which helps in overall growth and development of the country but it also has a negative and positive impact on the tourism sector. It has been analyzed that the mining boom that started in the year 2000 has attracted a large number of tourists to the country and on another hand it has distracted others also. The mining industry has given business opportunities to the people from other countries which add to a number of tourists to the country and on another hand the increased dollar has made the visit expensive. The major attraction of Australia i.e. The Great Barrier Reef and Kimberly are the most important economic and environmental assets which is being affected by the increased mining demands and high shipping activities. The natural values of the Great Barrier Reef are affected adversely by the mining activities and the Alpha Coal Project which actually adds to the economic wealth of the country but on another hand is affecting the natural beauty of the place and creating disturbance in the life of aquatic animals. The Kimberley is famous in Australia for its natural beauty, biological and cultural diversity. It has been recorded that the Kimberley has not seen any mammal extinction which shows that how the habitat has been conserved for them. But the proposed plan of a Gas Hub James Price Point will threaten the natural values of this place and will reduce the number of tourists at this place (Adams, 2012). The above information simply reveals that how the natural beauty and resources are being affected by the Political dominance of mining activities which will continually degrade the natural assets of the country and will consequently minimize the number of tourists in Australia. Therefore there is a great need to maintain a balance amongst the various human activities for which sustainable development is required that reserve the resources for future as well without compromising the present needs (Bailey Marshall, 2013). Sustainability or sustainable development is defined as a form of progress in which the present needs of the people is met without compromising the opportunity of the future generation to meet their needs. Sustainable development does not only mean looking after the natural environment and resources it also refers to the social and economic impact of human activities (Tourism Australia corporate website, 2015). There are a number of challenges associated with Sustainable Tourism in Australia which involves management and development of tourist spots and services and also keeps in consideration that it offers the benefits to the local people while improving and protecting the natural resources of the country. There is a close connection between sustainable development and tourism because of the two reasons. Firstly, tourism is regarded as the strongest industry in the world and the major resources that it uses for the development are the natural endowments, historical and cultural places in the world. This is the reason that the tourism contribution is extremely high in global business and economic trends and it also affects the quality of life in the regional areas which are used as the tourist spots. It has been analyzed that Mass Tourism has negative effects on the natural resources of the country as it destroys and endangers the natural habitat, causes soil and water pollution, creates noise and disturbs the local residents. The tourist sometimes does not take into account the culture, tradition and religion of the local communities and may respond them indifferently. Secondly, the sustainable tourism maintains a balance in the economic development of the restrictions implemented by t he needs of local communities and environment Sustainable tourism has a nominal effect on the local culture and environment, but it makes a great contribution to the overall development as it helps to generate job opportunities for local people and brings a wonderful experience for tourists and the tourism companies (Kostic Jovanovic-Toncev, 2014). The number of approaches that helps in sustainable development of tourism are system thinking approach, diversification, localization and resilience which can be applied to the natural resources conservation in Australia which are being degraded due to various business activities. System Thinking approach is mainly used for sustainable development which is a scientific approach in which the whole system in being focussed along with its constituent parts, then a framework is provided to manage the complexity of the system and then the decision makers are allowed to analyze the long term results of their actions and finally agreeing upon one decision with mutual understanding of all the stakeholders. In this case, where the main focus is to protect the natural endowments which also offers mining opportunities it is required to face the challenge of the situation in a systematic way. System thinking allows the stakeholders to realize what is more important for a country that helps in it s economic growth for which they should think how their selfish activities are going to disturb the natural habitat and tourists. This approach can help in a better way to understand the entire situation and helps in making necessary decisions to achieve sustainable development in tourism (Mai Maani, 2010). Another approach that helps in the sustainable development of tourism is through the resilience of social and ecological system of Australia. It is related the extent to which the system can absorb the changes or shock and remains in the similar state in which it was. It is also related to the extent to which the natural system can organize itself and adapt to the changes. The system of the country faces a number of challenges and in this case it is difficult for them to decide that mining should be given more importance or tourism. To such situation, Resilience is the best solution that allows them to maintain the balance amongst the both in which mining should be done to that extent that it does not affect the natural beauty of the place (Folke, et al., 2002). Diversification is crucial for sustainable development of tourism and competitiveness in Australia for which is required to evaluate the current tourism product of the country. Diversification is related to culture, natural and recreational activities that attracts a number of tourists to the country. In general people are more attracted towards variations and diversity and with diversification the present needs can be easily met without any compromise with the future needs and hence helps in achieving the sustainable tourism development (The World Tourism Organization, 2016). These approaches help in maintaining a balance amongst the natural resources conservation and various business activities which will help in promotion of tourism in Australia. It has been proved from various researches that tourism in promoted in any country by its natural and serene beauty and the business opportunities as well for which a strategy has to be planned that helps to achieve various benefits through sustainability There are a number of benefits that are offered through sustainable tourism. Firstly, it increases the number of tourists by the promotion of sustainability testimonial to green savvy people who makes their buying decisions on the basis of reducing their own footprint. Secondly, it minimizes the operating costs by taking the responsibilities of minimizing the water and energy consumption and produces less waste. It helps in achieving the competitive advantage by developing and promotion the sustainability which acts a point of difference. It attracts a large number of valuable staff by following the policies with a consideration of their values and interest. It also encourages the investors to make an investment in those companies that has long term sustainability plans as it reduces the operational risks in the future. Also it helps in raising the profitability for the long term by putting plans in action that helps in creating savings for the future like reducing the cost of transp ortation which increases with an increase in fuel prices (Turner, 2015). Therefore from the above facts and figures it can be realized that tourism plays a significant role in economic development of the country and also meets the other needs of environment and society for which it is required to accept that sustainable development should be applied at all levels by the government to promote tourism and tourist activities. There has to be a rational and executive management of the natural resources which will help in the cultural, social and economic development of the country and that will lead to growth and development for long-term. It is required that the positive effect of tourism should be increased on the environment, cultural values, natural resources, and integrity of the local communities. To exploit all the potential of natural resources with a purpose of preserving the natural ecosystems and maintaining biodiversity, it is required that the rules and act should be followed as per the principles of sustainable tourism. There are a number of app roaches that helps in the sustainable development of tourism and they should be adopted to maintain a balance amongst the business activities with a concern of maintaining the natural habitat as well. Holistic and integrated approach to the should be applied to all the factors, beginning with the state government, non-governmental organizations, local self-governments, media and tourists, will make a contribution to the economic, social and natural development of the country which will contribute to sustainable tourism in Australia. References Adams, V., 2012. Mining and the environment: the future of Australias brand. Mining and the environment: the future of Australias brand, 11 July. Australian Government, 2016. Australian Actions to Combat Desertification and Land Degradation. Australian Actions to Combat Desertification and Land Degradation. Bailey, G. Marshall, J., 2013. The economic impact of the current mining boom on the Australian tourism industry, Available at: https://www.tra.gov.au/documents/Economic-Industry/Economic_Impact_of_the_Current_Mining_Boom_on_the_Australian_Tourism_Industry_FINAL.pdf Folke, C. et al., 2002. Resilience and Sustainable Development: Building Adaptive Capacity in a World of Transformations: Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Available at: https://www.ima.kth.se/utb/mj2694/pdf/folke.pdf Kostic, M. Jovanovic-Toncev, M., 2014. Importance of sustainable tourism: Sinteza, Available at: https://portal.sinteza.singidunum.ac.rs/Media/files/2014/722-725.pdf Mai, T. V. Maani, K. E., 2010. Systems Thinking for Sustainable Tourism in the Cat Ba Biosphere Reserve of Viet Nam,Available at: https://www.systemdynamics.org/conferences/2010/proceed/papers/P1312.pdf The World Tourism Organization, 2016. Product Development and Diversification. Product Development and Diversification. Tourism Australia corporate website, 2015. What Is Sustainability?. [Online] Available at: https://www.tourism.australia.com/industry-advice/what-is-sustainability.aspx Tourism Australia, 2013. Whole of government working with industry to achieve Australias tourism potential: Australian Government, Available at: https://www.tourism.australia.com/documents/Tourism_2020_overview.pdf Turner, R., 2015. The Authority on World Travel Tourism: World Travel Tourism Council, Available at: https://www.wttc.org/-/media/files/reports/economic%20impact%20research/countries%202015/australia2015.pdf

The Wages Of Sin free essay sample

# 8211 ; King Lear Essay, Research Paper The Wages of Sin King Lear, a drama by Shakespeare, is a elaborate expression at the effects of one adult male s determinations, which greatly alter his life and the lives around him. Lear, the King of England, sinfully surrenders his land to his girls in wages for showing their love for him, get downing a downward spiral of tragic events all taking back to that one minute. At one point in the drama, Lear falsely states that he is, a adult male more sinned against than transgressing ( III.ii.62-63 ) , for Lear has sinned a great trade and does merit all that has come to him. As the drama opens, one can about instantly see that Lear Begins to do errors that will finally ensue in his ruin. The really first words spoken by Lear are: Give me the map at that place. Know that we have divided In three our land, and tis our fast purpose To agitate all attentions and concern from our age, Confering them on younger strengths, while we Unburdened crawl toward decease ( I.i.38-43 ) This gives the first indicant of Lear s purpose to vacate from his throne. He goes on farther to offer his land, in three pieces, to his girls as a signifier of his trial of love. Great challengers in our youngest girl s love, Long in our tribunal have made their amative visit And here are to be answered. State me, my girl Since now we will deprive us both of regulation, Interest of district, attentions of province Which of you shall we state doth love us most, That we our largest premium may widen Where nature doth with virtue challenge. ( I.i.47-58 ) This is the first and most important of Lear s wickednesss in the drama. By vacating from throne and giving it to his girls Lear fuels his self-importance. In Lear s following actions, he banishes those around him who truly attention and love him, for he can non see beyond the masks that the evil wear. He banishes his youngest and most loved girl, Cordelia, for her honestness in saying that she loves her male parent excessively much for words to show and vows to stay soundless because of this. He banishes Kent, his loyal retainer, for seeking to ground with Lear about this iniquitous action. As a consequence, Lear has surrounded himself among people who merely wish to utilize him, go forthing him vulnerable for onslaught. Following his wickednesss, Lear is abandoned and estranged from his land, which he so heedlessly surrendered, doing him to free his saneness. Once lost behind a 100 knights, Lear is unfastened and frightened being pushed out from behind his knights. This is represented with him being out on the lawns of his ain palace. Lear s sudden insanity, fury, and choler are seen through the deafening storm that he is locked out in. All of this contributes to the agony of Lear due to the organic structure of wickednesss that he has committed. The pinnacle of his snake pit is experienced is experienced in order to refund his wickednesss at the terminal of the drama when Cordelia is killed. He says this himself, merely before he dies from heartache of his girl s decease. Howl, Howl, Howl! O, you are work forces of rocks! Had I your linguas and eyes, I d utilize them so That heaven s vault should check. She s gone everlastingly. I know when one is dead and when one lives. She s dead as Earth. Lend me a looking glass. If that her breath will mist or stain the rock, Why, so she lives. ( V.iii.308-315 ) All the hurting that Lear suffered can be traced back to that individual minute of his greatest mistake in wickedness of giving his land to the two girls whom merely said they loved him, but genuinely did non. This one wickedness, along with the ostracism of Kent and Cordelia, have proven to hold monolithic reverberations upon Lear and the lives of those around him, stoping in virtually everyone s decease, doing Lear s statement, I am a adult male more sinned against than transgressing inaccurate.

A lesson plan for the multicultural learning of science

A lesson plan for the multicultural learning of science This is a lesson plan for the multicultural learning of science. The aim of the plan is to utilize the legend of the Mayans to depict to the students the way science evolved through the ages. The paper is directed towards students of fourth standard.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on A lesson plan for the multicultural learning of science specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Performance Objective The aim of the lesson is to enhance the ability of the students to inculcate inferential learning, derivation of information from their readings, and inculcate their oral and written skills. Essential Questions How science evolved into its present forms? How science was practices in ancient times? What we know about the scientific knowledge of ancient civilizations like the Mayans?’ NYS Standards This lesson will show the students the historical development of science as described in the NYS standard four. Key Ideas The first idea described is the Earth and the celestial phenomenon of the planets. The three main elements of Earth viz. air, water, and land are described. Key Skills The key skills required for the lesson is a clear idea of how the Mayan culture and their knowledge of science can be used as a taxonomy for students to understand how science existed in ancient times. Materials The first thing that has to be done is to make a knowledge chart that forms into three columns. In the first column, the students enter their knowledge about the Mayans. The second will record what the students know about the Mayans and the third column shows what the students learnt during the course of the lesson. The second material required for the study would be a world map to demonstrate where the students are and where the Mayans lived. The third material required for the class are books and literature on myths pertaining to the Mayan culture. The fourth material would be materials to develop a scrapb ook that will help the students to do a project on the Mayans. The books that are to be read for the class are Mayan and Aztec Mythology by Jim Ollhoff and Maya and Aztec Mythology Rocks! by Michael A. Schuman . The other book that will be used for the study is Three Gold Pieces .Advertising Looking for coursework on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Introduction to the Lesson The knowledge table should be made in the first class. This will help to ascertain what the students actually know of the Mayans and what has to be taught to them. Further, this will also help the instructor to learn what the students would like to learn about the myths and legends. What aspect the children are more interested to learn can be gauged through this exercise. The first lesson should also incorporate the world map, which would give a clear idea to the students about the whereabouts of the Mayan civilization visvis their cou ntry. Instructional Activity The second lesson should be about reading the Mayan myths. The main aim of the class would be study Mayan folk tales and myths that gave a glimpse into the great Mayan culture and civilization. The myths related to the creation of the moon or any other morality tale can be recounted to demonstrate how the Mayans lived. The third day would be a discussion on the Gods of the Mayans. This would provide a glimpse into the Mayan religion to the students. A documentary about the Mayans will be shown to the students. This lesson is a study into the scientific developments that the Mayans underwent. This will further into a discussion of the Mayan economic developments, and government’s structure followed in the ancient civilization. This lesson will also have a discussion on the Mayan art, culture, and social life. Application The last day of the lesson will be a day of making projects for the students. They will have to adopt a specific aspect about the Mayans and make a small presentation about it in class. This will also have to write an essay on the specific area. Bibliography Aliki. Three Gold Pieces. New York: Harper Trophy, 1967. Print.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on A lesson plan for the multicultural learning of science specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ollhoff, Jim. Mayan and Aztec Mythology. Edina, MN: ABDO, 2012. Print. Schuman, Michael A. Maya and Aztec Mythology Rocks! Guangdong, China: Enslow Publishers, Inc., 2012. Print.

Unos vs. Algunos †Spanish Grammar and Word Usage

Unos vs. Algunos - Spanish Grammar and Word Usage When used to mean some, meaning an indefinite number, algunos and unos are usually interchangeable - it doesnt matter which one you use. However, there can be some subtle differences between them. Here is a guide to know where the choice of word might make a difference: Approximations Unos, but not algunos, can be used when making approximations (approximations can be expressed in other ways as well): Tenemos unos mil quinientos discos de mà ºsica clsica. We have some 1,500 classical music discs. With de The phrase algunos de is far more common than unos de to mean some of: Estos son algunos de los monumentos ms extravagantes del paà ­s. These are some of the most outlandish monuments in the country.La compaà ±Ãƒ ­a planea pasar algunas de sus tecnologà ­as a cà ³digo abierto. The company is planning to put some of its technologies into open source.Algunos de mis mejores amigos son espaà ±oles. Some of my best friends are Spaniards. In contrast with otros If a sentence is contrasting some with others (otros), either algunos or unos can be used to mean some:  ¿Por quà © unas personas pueden bailar y otras no?  ¿Por quà © algunas personas pueden bailar y otras no? Why can some people dance and others cant?Las emociones son como el mar, unas veces airado, otras veces tranquilo. Las emociones son como el mar, algunas veces airado, otras veces tranquilo. Emotions are like the sea, sometimes angry, sometimes peaceful.Algunos vieron la pelà ­cula, otros no. Unos vieron la pelà ­cula, otros no. Some saw the movie, others didnt. In contrast with none If the emphasis is on some as opposed to none, algunos is more commonly used. The emphasis in such a case isnt so much on number as on existence: Algunos soldados pueden dormir con cualquier ruido de fondo. Some soldiers can sleep through any kind of background noise.Sà © que algunos me comprenden. I know that some people understand me.Algunos creen que son ms importantes que Dios. Some believe they are more important than God. Sources: As with most lessons on this site, sample sentences are adapted from a variety of sources written by native Spanish speakers. Among the sources consulted for this lesson were: Espacio Latino, Fayerwayer, Foro de Blogger, NIH.gov, Planetanuncios, Tadforo, Yahoo Mà ©xico.

Euthanasia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Euthanasia - Research Paper Example In addition, the practice would lessen the urgency to develop new medicines designed to prolong life. Those who oppose the practice on religious grounds argue that it is ‘playing God’ therefore sinful. Health care professionals cite the Hippocratic Oath which forbids them from carrying out this procedure. This paper will examine the moral and ethical concerns surrounding euthanasia, clarify the meaning of the term, present arguments for the practice and conclude with a recommendation to resolve the issue. Euthanasia describes a situation in which a terminally ill patient is administered a lethal dose of medication, is removed from a life-support system or is simply allowed to die without active participation such as by resuscitation. A doctor’s involvement in the procedure could be to either prescribe a lethal dose of drugs with the express intent of ending a life or by intravenously inserting a needle into the terminal patient who then activates a switch that adm inisters the fatal dose (Naji et al, 2005). Assisted suicide by physicians and non-physicians has been legal in Switzerland since WWII. In addition, three organizations within the country have been established to aid terminally ill patients. They provide patient counseling as well as the drugs for use in the procedure. Lethal injections, however, are not allowed. The unusual situation in Switzerland holds that assisted suicide is allowed as long as a physician is not a part of the process (Hurst & Mauron, 2003). Euthanasia has been legal in Belgium since 2002. Each case must be reviewed by two physicians before the procedure is carried out by either ingestion or injection. In The Netherlands, euthanasia has been legal for four years but has been tolerated for two decades. The guidelines for physicians handed down from the government include; â€Å"the patient must be suffering unbearably and have no hope of improvement, must ask to die and the patient must clearly understand the co ndition and prognosis (and) a second doctor must agree with the decision to help the patient die† (â€Å"The Fight†, 2004). Proponents of euthanasia are concerned with human suffering. Many diseases such as cancer cause a lingering and excruciatingly painful death. Watching a loved one as they wither away from the disease eating away at their organs is tough enough on family members, but to see them suffer even when drugs are administered is unbearable not to mention what the patient must endure. This emotionally and physically torturous situation is played out in every hospital, every day of the year but serves no purpose. To many, it is unimaginable to allow anyone, for example, a sweet old grandmother who has spent her life caring for others, to spend the last six months of their life enduring constant pain, unable to control bodily functions, convulsing, coughing, vomiting, etc. The psychological pain for both the family and patient is unimaginably horrific as well. If grandma were a dog, most all would agree that the only humane option would be to ‘put her to sleep.’ U.S. citizens are guaranteed certain rights but not the right to ‘die with dignity.’ This right is not prohibited by the Constitution but by religious zealots who evidently put the quality of life of a dog above grandma’s. Patients suffering from Alzheimer’s may not suffer physical pain but endure a different type of pain

Aestheticism and Modernism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words - 1

Aestheticism and Modernism - Essay Example Darwin’s theory of natural selection and Freud’s view of subjective states that involved an unconscious mind full of primal impulses shocked the Victorians. And as the names of Darwin and Freud suggest, it was the intellectuals and upper class that became part of the modernist age.  Among these artists was T.S. Eliot. Eliot’s concerns deeply showed the effect of WWI on the moral values of people and people’s belief in God. Industrialization drastically increased production and consumption rates, with that so did pollution, creating a very ugly metropolis. In response to this industry, there was an increase in urbanization as more people wanted to move closer to work and money, hence the sense of crowdedness in Eliot’s poems. Influxes of human population meant more pollution. The Depression played an important part in developing the persona of the modern man. This was a time of decline in a man’s dignity and much humiliation from not being a ble to fend for his family.  One of the prime concerns that characterized Modernist texts was the depiction of the cityscape as the habitat of the modern man. The Industrial revolution significantly transformed the urbanity of England, supplying the streets with cheap electricity and extending the city horizons to include skyscrapers and railroad bridges of cast iron. Eliot’s main concern revolved around the impact of such mechanization on urban life, mainly the increased pollution and an overall sense of sterility and spiritual poverty. (Eagleton, 1970, 94-101)  T. S. Eliot's "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" and "The Journey of the Magi" reveal some of the major concerns of their early 20th century Modernist context. Through continuous use of imagery, ambiguity, repetition, allusions and purposeful contortion of lines and sentences, Eliot demonstrates the importance of the inner self, innovation, religious questioning, an uninviting and bleak society and a flaunting of conventions.

Cedar Point Amusement Park Essay Example for Free

Cedar Point Amusement Park Essay When I lived in Michigan, one of my fondest memories was going to Cedar Point Amusement Park in Sandusky, Ohio. We lived over 3 hours away so it was a perfect day trip. When we reached Cedar Point Road, Lake Eerie was to the right and along the horizon seventeen roller coasters stood high as sky scrapers. As we entered the park we were greeted by Snoopy and the Peanuts gang. The park was soon filled with children laughing, parents pushing strollers, and adrenaline junkies looking for the next thrill. As the aroma of sugar candy coated apples filled the air, we dashed to the snack shop for candied apples and cotton candy. We enjoyed our sugary treats on the Giant Wheel which is known as North Americas largest Ferries Wheel. Coming off the Giant Wheel we find ourselves entering Snoopy town, where Snoopy and the gang entertained the audience with music and dance. As the show ended, we decided it was time to ride some coasters. The first coaster we rode was the world’s fastest coaster the Top Thrill Dragster which slingshot us from 0 to 120 mph in less than 4 seconds and in 15 seconds we were spiraled up 420 feet and back down to the finish line. We soon found ourselves wet on Shoot the Rapids the wettest water coaster that took us up and splashed us down. It was refreshing as the temperature was rising. Now we were at the end of the park and to our amazement stood the world’s largest wooden roller coaster. Its handsome and elegant architecture was admirable to look at. Aboard this coaster we were rocketed through the hills and turns, just like life, full of ups and downs. Above all Cedar Point Amusement Park is fun for all ages. It clearly left me with a lifetime of memories, to return home to Maui and share with loved ones.

Sparta :: essays research papers

In the 7th Century BC a new era of warfare strategy evolved. Before this new strategy, foot soldiers (known as hoplites) engaged in battle in the form of one mob for each army which on the command of their generals runs at each other and proceeds to hack blindly at the enemy with little to no direction other then to kill the enemy in front of them. This proved to be very messy and the tide of battle depended mostly on emotion and size of an army. In the name of strategy and organization, the phalanx was developed. A phalanx is simply defined as a line formation with its width significantly larger then its depth. The depth of the phalanx is a variable which some suggest was decided by the army itself rather then by the leaders of the army. The smallest depth appears to have been that of one man deep. However this was a unique occurrence which is widely believed to be fictitious. The largest depth is that of 120 men deep which was fielded at one time by the Macedonians. On average, the depth of the phalanx appears to be about eight men deep. During the time of Alexander the Great, the phalanx was believed to be eight men deep, but some argue that it evolved into a sixteen man deep phalanx. The Spartans purposely varied the depth of their phalanx so to confuse the enemy about the number of soldiers fielded. The phalanx proved to be a very valuable weapon for the military at that time. Armies which did not adapt to the phalanx formation were quickly slaughtered. The use of the phalanx allowed the Greeks to win the Persian Wars. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Many historians believe that the development of the phalanx led directly to social changes occurring throughout Greece during the time of the phalanx's implementation. The phalanx formation allowed men to participate in the military who otherwise could not have because a much smaller investment in weapons and armor was needed to participate in the phalanx. The combined increase in the number of those participating in the army and the increase in importance of the common foot soldier lead to the common man being increasingly treated better by the ruling classes. Eventually this may have led to the invention of democracy. The most noticeable difference between ancient Greek and modern warfare is the amount of "intelligence" information. Today our military maneuvers are almost exclusively reliant on information we get from satellites, scouts, or spies in the opposition. The ancient Greeks totally ignored this area of military strategy. Countless tales of armies meeting each other by chance or armies passing within miles of each other

A Growing “Threat” to Society Essay

The Internet is one of the most powerful sources of information today. Thus, it has the capacity to enlighten, as well as to mislead. This double-edged potential has turned the Internet into the latest avenue for terrorism. Terrorists are now harnessing the power of the Internet to wreak havoc among the public (Conway, 2002). Terrorists use the Internet mainly as a propaganda tool – it is a venue wherein they publicize their cause or explain their ideological justification without misinterpretation or censorship. As of 2002, a majority of the 33 groups deemed foreign terrorist organizations by the United States State Department had their own web sites. There are also many other websites, that, despite not being related to any terrorist group, provide information on how to commit terrorist activities such as bomb-making. The latter often escape criminal prosecution due to the First Amendment, which guarantees freedom of speech to the general populace (Conway, 2002). The very idea of cyber-terrorism, however, is not without contention. For one, it is still not clear as to what differentiates cyber-terrorism from freedom of expression. Also, there are certain Internet-related crimes that cannot be considered as cyber-terrorism, although they inflict damage upon the public. Indeed, terrorism in itself is already a notoriously difficult concept to define. The addition of computers to it further complicates the idea (Conway, 2002). The Internet: A New Weapon The Internet was originally intended as a means of resuming contact in the event of a nuclear attack. But due to its speed and convenience, it is currently a major venue for information, communication and commerce. As of September 2006, there were more than 1 billion Internet users worldwide (Vatis, 2006). With just one click of a mouse, an entrepreneur in Germany can deposit funds to a bank account in Switzerland and talk to a London-based cousin face to face through a web camera. A student in California, meanwhile, can learn everything about the Great Wall of China with merely a few keystrokes. After 9/11 It was only after 9/11 that the very concept of cyber-terrorism was actually developed. Before 9/11, Internet-related crimes were usually in the form of sending pornographic email to minors, defacing web pages, stealing credit card information and launching computer viruses (Conway, 2002). After 9/11, however, US officials realized that terrorist organizations could use the Internet to generate more bloodshed (Weimann, 2004). Al-Qaeda, for instance, could launch missiles or biological weapons to the US by simply pressing the â€Å"Enter† button of a laptop (Stohl, 2006). To a certain extent, the fears of the US were well-founded. In November 2000, an electronic attack was carried out from Pakistan against the Washington-based pro-Israeli lobbying group American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC). Aside from defacing AIPAC’s site with anti-Israeli commentaries, the attacker likewise stole some 3,500 email addresses and 700 credit card numbers, sent anti-Israeli diatribes to the addresses and published the credit card data on the Internet. The Pakistani hacker, known by the alias â€Å"Dr. Nuker,† claimed responsibility for the incident. It turned out that â€Å"Dr. Hacker† was a founder of the Pakistani Hackerz Club, an organization whose objective was to â€Å"hack for the injustice going around the globe, especially with (sic) Muslims† (Conway, 2002). The aforementioned cyber assault was not without precedent. The Lebanese Shiite Islamic group Hezbollah established its collection of web sites in 1995. At present, the group has three websites that can be viewed in either English or Arabic – one for its press office, another to describe its attacks on Israeli targets (http://www. moqawama. tv) and a third, Al-Manar TV, for news and information (http://www. manartv. com). These websites regularly provide the latest information about Hezbollah, including press statements, political declarations, photos, video and audio clips. An email address is also provided as contact information (Conway, 2002). After 9/11, as a result, federal agents issued subpoenas and search warrants to almost every major Internet-based company, including America Online, MSN, Yahoo! and Google. In addition, many web sites were subjected to official closure by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Included among those that were closed down were radical Internet radio shows such as â€Å"IRA Radio,† â€Å"Al Lewis Live† and â€Å"Our Americas. † The â€Å"jihad web ring,† a collection of 55 jihad-related websites, lost dozens of its sites due to pullouts by Yahoo! Lycos Europe, meanwhile, created a 20-person team to filter its websites for illegal activity and terrorist-related content (Conway, 2002). Cyber-terrorism: Is There Really Such Thing? One of the most common arguments against cyber-terrorism is that it is an imaginary threat (Lacey, 2007). Contrary to popular perception, there is a minimal chance that cyber-terrorists would exact harm on innocent people by attacking corporate and governmental computer networks. As of this moment, terrorist organizations use the Internet only for fundraising, communications and propaganda. There is the possibility that terrorists might use computers as weaponry to a significant degree, but this will â€Å"probably happen in the (distant) future† (Conway, 2002). At present, terrorists would draw more attention to their cause by setting off bombs instead of hacking bytes (Conway, 2002). Instead of getting extremely paranoid about cyber-terrorism, the government should instead focus on eliminating cyber attacks against companies. As of July 2002, hackers had successfully launched at least 180,000 Internet attacks against more than 400 public, private, governmental and non-profit organizations. The brunt of these attacks fell on the power and energy industries, as well as on the technology and financial services. If left unchecked, these cyber attacks would be very detrimental to consumers – in order to make up for their losses to hackers, owners of the above-mentioned industries will have to raise the prices of their products and services (Fishman, Jospehberg, Linn, Pollack, Victoriano, 2002). Conclusion Paranoia over cyber-terrorism is very dangerous. Aside from diverting attention from more serious crimes such as cyber attacks, it violates civil rights and liberties. Under the guise of â€Å"fighting terrorism,† even websites whose only crime was to express radical ideas were closed down. While it is the duty of the state to safeguard its constituents from danger, doing so should not infringe their inalienable rights. It is true that terrorism might turn to cyberspace in the future in order to spread even more fear and bloodshed. But before the government rushes out to eliminate â€Å"cyber-terrorists,† it must first have a clear-cut concept of what constitutes cyber-terrorism and what makes a cyber-terrorist. Otherwise, the government will end up worse than the terrorists that it aims to get rid of. References Conway, M. (2002). What is Cyberterrorism? Current History, 101, 436-442. Retrieved October 17, 2008 from Academic Research Library. Fishman, R. M. , Josephberg, K. , Linn, J. , Pollack, J. , & Victoriano, J. (2002). Threat of International Cyberterrorism on the Rise. Intellectual Property & Technology Law Journal, 14, 23. Retrieved October 17, 2008, from ABI/INFORM Global. Lacey, D. ComputerWeekly. com. (2007, April 29). How Real is the Threat of Cyber Terrorism? Retrieved October 17, 2008, from http://www. computerweekly. com/blogs/david_lacey/2007/04/ how_real_is_the_threat_of_cybe. html Stohl, M. (2006). Cyber Terrorism: A Clear and Present Danger, the Sum of All Fears, Breaking Point or Patriot Games? Crime Law Soc Change, 46, 223-238. Retrieved October 17, 2008 from SpringerLink. Vatis, M. (2006). The Next Battlefield: The Reality of Virtual Threats. Harvard International Review, 28, 56-61. Retrieved October 17, 2008 from ABI/INFORM Global. Weimann, G. United States Institute of Peace. (2004, December). Cyberterrorism: How Real Is the Threat? Retrieved October 17, 2008, from http://www. usip. org/pubs/specialreports/sr119. html#threat

Compare and contrast the attractions and facilities for visitors

Weston-Super-Mare and Brean Leisure Park are two different tourist sites near each other. * Compare and contrast the attractions and facilities for visitors to these areas * What impact does tourism have on the surrounding area? * Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages? Weston-Super-Mare Brean Leisure Park Introduction This project is based around tourism, we have been asked to answer a question that is about tourism in the two areas near to each other. These two areas are Weston-Super-Mare seafront and Brean Leisure Park. The question is first, to compare and contrast the attractions and facilities for visitors to these areas. Two, what impact does tourism have on the surrounding area? And three, do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages? The first question is the main question, I think that it is asking me to find out which area is the best area for tourism, environmental issues, residential issues (what the locals think) and which area is the best to go to? The locations we are to investigate are; Weston Super Mare seafront and Brean Leisure Park, both of these locations are near each other on the south west coast of England, the areas we are covering are roughly the same size and are both roughly the same distance from any motorway or major road, this road is the M5 motorway. This will make the investigation slightly fairer between the two locations. Maps of the Region and Local Area The grid references for the two locations are: Weston-Super-Mare Seafront (Pier): 51à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½20`51.50†³N + 2à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½58`54.97†³W Brean Leisure Park (Main Entrance): 51à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½17`07.28†³N + 3à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½00`40.79†³W Main Cities The main cities near to the two locations are Bristol, Bath, Swindon and Southampton, big towns would include Bridgewater, Minehead, Clevedon, Street and maybe Frome. Major Transport Link The most major transport link that is closest to Weston and Brean is the M5 running south past Bristol, Weston, Brean and Lympsham. Most tourists would use this route to get to the two areas. Also the M4 is linked to the M5. This is our sphere of influence, the area in which our tourism and advertisement will be most beneficial and listened to. The background of tourism in Weston is an old record, the original reason that Weston became a tourist town goes back to Victorian times, this is when British beach holidays became really popular, and therefore it has been a tourist centre for years and is still on top as one of the best places to go for a British holiday. It has many attractions such as a high street for shopping, an arcade town for gaming and the grand pier for more gaming; this makes it very popular for people to come to have a good time, either over the weekend or for a week. There are brilliant amenities such as a hospital, toilets, bins, restaurants and accommodation. On the other hand Brean has different types of attractions and amenities such as a Leisure Park and the beach, the amenities are almost the same as Weston except the accommodation is set up as caravan parks instead of hotels, Weston has no caravans but it has many hotels lining the seafront which I think may turn out to be a major difference in how much and what type of tourism each location gets. Brean in general started as a natural area full of historical value. The national trust took ownership and protected the Down (The Main Headland) from any building, although others started building around it, it apparently started interest when people began to come to the site for holidays and then found out about the Neapolitan Fort (also used in World War 2) and also the fascinating history of the headland. Overall people get attracted to this general region not only because of the beaches, even though it's the main popularity reason but also all around the area there are major shopping center's, entertainment in Bristol and also surrounding Weston and Brean are the Mendip hills, perfect for a walking and camping holidays.

the best years of our lives essays

the best years of our lives essays The Best Years of Our Lives aims to draw people ¡Ã‚ ¯s attention towards the efforts made by those World War II veterans to reintegrate themselves into the civilian society and the difficulties confronting them during that process. Thanks to William Wyler ¡Ã‚ ¯s subtlety and delicate touch, this film successfully defines the sensitive problems facing veterans: unemployment, ostracism, alcoholism. Furthermore, this film pulls no punches in telling an important story that many would have stayed away fromD the effects of war on the people. The very first difficulty is unemployment, best exemplified by Fred ¡Ã‚ ¯s experience. The post-war era sees a readjustment of orientation towards the civilian life. The enormous government spending is cut and job opportunities shrink. Without appropriate skills, veterans can not compete with other civilians in the struggle for the shrinking pie of job opportunity. They can not even get across the threshold of society, let alone integrate themselves into it. Through the loan program Al is in charge of, the film reflects the reality that the government is taking some measures to help veterans begin a new life, such as easing restrictions for college. But such efforts are far from enough. Fred ¡Ã‚ ¯s experience in the place full of old planes suggests that nobody but veterans can save themselves. In addition to unemployment, estrangement from their family members and misunderstanding of the civilian people leave them with an unequivocal sense of ostracism. The feeling of being m arginalized by the society exists throughout the whole movie, best represented in the beginning when three men unexpectedly gather at the Butcher ¡Ã‚ ¯s bar after they return home. The cruel reality shatters their dreams. Alcoholism turns out to be a by-product of disillusion and that sense of ostracism, even becoming a barrier between them and their family members. It is pretty daring for Wyler to treat alcoho ...

The Lords Baltimore and Their Impact on American History

The Lords Baltimore and Their Impact on American History Baron, or Lord, Baltimore is a now  extinct title of nobility in the Peerage of Ireland. Baltimore is an Anglicization of the Irish phrase baile an thà ­ mhà ³ir e, which means town of the big house.   The title was first created for Sir George Calvert in 1624. The title became extinct in 1771 after the death of the 6th Baron.  Sir George and his son, Cecil Calvert, were British subjects rewarded with land in the new world.   Cecil Calvert was the 2nd Lord Baltimore. It is after him that the Maryland city of Baltimore is named after. Thus, in American history, Lord Baltimore usually refers to Cecil Calvert. George Calvert George was an English politician who served as  Secretary of State  to King James I. In 1625, he was given the title Baron Baltimore when he resigned from his official position.​ George became invested in the colonization of the Americas. While initially for commercial incentives, George later realized colonies in the New World could become a refuge for English Catholics and a place for religious freedom in general. The Calvert family was Roman Catholic, a religion which most inhabitants of the New World and followers of the Church of England were prejudiced against. In 1625, Geroge publicly declared his Catholicism. Involving himself with colonies in the Americas, he was at first rewarded with a title to land in Avalon, Newfoundland in present-day Canada. To expand on what he already had, George asked the son of James I, Charles I, for  a royal charter to settle the land north of Virginia. This region would later become the state of  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Maryland. This land was not signed over until 5-weeks after his death. Subsequently, the charter and land settlement was left to his son, Cecil Calvert. Cecil Calvert Cecil was born in 1605 and died in 1675. When Cecil, second Lord Baltimore, founded the colony of Maryland, he expanded on his fathers ideas of freedom of religion and separation of church and state. In 1649, Maryland passed the  Maryland Toleration Act, also known as the Act Concerning Religion. This act mandated religious tolerance  for Trinitarian Christians only. Once the act was passed, it became  the first law establishing a religious tolerance in British North American colonies. Cecil wanted  this law to also  protect Catholic settlers and others who  did not conform to the established state  Church of England.  Maryland, in fact, became known as a haven for Roman Catholics in the New World. Cecil governed Maryland for 42 years. Other Maryland cities and counties honor Lord Baltimore by naming themselves after him. For instance, there is Calvert County, Cecil County, and Calvert Cliffs.

Letter reference former prof Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Letter reference former prof - Essay Example I believe it will be worth mentioning her unique teaching style that really brought out the best in us, her students. She is a teacher in every sense of the word because she was able to make her students understand the toughest concepts about Molecular Biology almost effortlessly. Her teaching approach is very supportive that made us very comfortable in her class. She always has this unusual calmness and patience that even if we mess up with our experiments, she does not lose her temper. She was always there to guide us and to discover by ourselves certain problems that really made us understand the subject. She was very patient and never made her student feel inadequate whenever we ask questions. She explained it to us very clearly to the point that she made molecular biology very easy even if many students find it difficult. I can remember that I always looked forward attending to her class because I find it stimulating in the atmosphere of support and encouragement which makes Pro fessor X’s class unique. Professor X’s love for knowledge is contagious. Her enthusiasm about the subject matter rubbed on us that made everybody look forward for the next class. Her method of teaching does not only elucidate, but also encourage the students to excel thus encouraging her students to be the best that they can be. Professor X is also an authority on the subject she teaches but despite of her academic stature, she is very generous to accommodate students in her research that allows us to grow in ways that classroom experiences cannot provide. After graduation, she let me work for her as a Research Assistant for two academic years which provided me invaluable learning insight about the practical aspect of Molecular Biology. Professor X does not only encourage us to learn about theoretical concepts but also the experimental aspects of Molecular Biology and its application to the

Meditation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Meditation - Essay Example I kept asking myself what might have been wrong with her. Something within me kept telling me something was amiss. Suddenly, when I heard hoots and brakes’ screeching is when I realized that I was so engrossed in my thoughts and I was almost being ran over. I quickly grabbed my bicycle brakes and came to a sudden halt; almost falling down. It is when I realized I had gone extremely far from home without noticing. I changed my course, and decided to ride back home. Today I meditated on being grateful for my bike. I got the bike as a present from my dad for my exemplary performance in school. I had always wished to own one and every day after school, I would drop off my school bag in my room and rush to Tom’s house, my neighbor and friend, in order to ride his bike. I adore my bike so much. Apart from exercising using it, sometimes I save my parents the pressure of dropping me to school when they are running late for work. Sometimes I wonder what I would do if sometime stole it; I guess I would be sick for a week. When sent on short errands such as buying groceries from the store, my bike usually plays an integral since it enables me take shortest time possible; thus, making my parents proud of me. In case I am stressed or bothered about something, taking a ride in the woods near my home always gives me amazing refreshment. A two-hour ride and I go back home rejuvenated and feeling better. My bike is a gem to me. Today I practiced meditating when taking a shower. A warm shower in the morning is the best way to jumpstart one’s day. While enjoying the warm water hit my back, I reminded what my History teacher told us in class yesterday about respecting and appreciating our parents. I could not help thinking of what I could do without my mum and dad. My thoughts wondered how they are always there for me. They comfort and encourage me every time I am worried about something. They have always provided me with everything I need and sacrificed a lot to take

The Introduction Of Billingual Education In Educational Institutions Essay

The Introduction Of Billingual Education In Educational Institutions Around America - Essay Example In many parts of educational development, bilingual education is treated as learning for non-American students. The use of their native language along with the inculcation of English to their vocabulary is the main aim of this program. According to educators, this is more likely an ESL program that would indeed assist foreign nationals living in the American territories to adapt to the society, especially with regards to children who are born in America. This would help the non-Americans to be ‘one’ with the American community in terms of language. To the educators, this is a way by which America could be able to overcome ethnic differences in the country. However, some language experts say that this is not an easy task for early childhood educators. The fact is that at times, some students come to the American region with a fluency on their native language already and thus may not have so much interest in knowing other languages more. Aside form this, according to some ‘English Only’ advocates, â€Å"bilingualism would only lead to an ethnic line of division between the nationalistic views of the natives of America† (Internet). Many educators are indeed amiable that bilingual education is an essential part of learning especially with children who are of different ethnic society in the United States. Many professional early child education experts consider that through the utilization of bilingualism in the educational systems, children would become more concern and highly, in connection with their language. ... However, some issues need to be addressed when bilingual education is being discussed. Scope of the Problem In many parts of educational development, bilingual education is treated as learning for non-American students. The use of their native language along with the inculcation of English to their vocabulary is the main aim of this program. According to educators, this is more likely an ESL program that would indeed assist foreign nationals living in the American territories to adapt to the society, especially with regards to children who are born in America. This would help the non-Americans to be 'one' with the American community in terms of language. To the educators, this is a way by which America could be able to overcome ethnic differences in the country. However, some language experts say that this is not an easy task for early childhood educators. The fact is that at times, some students come to the American region with a fluency on their native language already and thus may not have so much interest in knowing other languages more. Aside form this, according to some 'English Onl y' advocates, "bilingualism would only lead to an ethnic line of division between the nationalistic views of the natives of America" (Internet). The Pros of the Issue on Bilingual Education Implementation Many educators are indeed amiable that bilingual education is an essential part of learning especially with children who are of different ethnic society in the United States. Many professional early child education experts consider that through the utilization of bilingualism in the educational systems, children would become more concern and highly, in connection with their environment because of their

The Power Of Shakespeares Macbeth

The Power Of Shakespeares Macbeth The world of Macbeth explores the destructive nature of power and ambition through the collapse of individual identity and the Christian emphasis on the moral hierarchy. Published in 1623, nearly twenty years after it was first performed, Macbeth was written shortly after James VI of Scotland ascended the English throne, and Shakespeares play clearly supports his divine right to the throne. Shakespeare was inspired by Raphael Holinsheds Chronicle of the reigns of Duncan and Macbeth (A.D. 1034-57), but the invention of the framework of the witches who tempt both Banquo and Macbeth with prophecies of greatness are his own. A story of witchcraft, murder and vengeance, Macbeth can be read as a morality play which warns against the dangers of ambitious power. Clearly, Macbeth is a figure whose ambition and hubris result in his fall from power, echoing the biblical story of the fall from grace; however, the play also expresses a profound fear of feminine power as subversive and destructive. The very text of Macbeth itself reflects the single-minded ambition of its main character. With only 2,100 lines, Macbeth is one of Shakespeares shortest plays, and with the exception of such characters as the porter, is devoid of the subplots which characterise Shakespearean tragedies. Coleridge has noted that the play begins at an aggressive pace with Hamlets gradual ascent from the simplest forms of conversation to the language of impassioned intellect, and Bradley follows by describing the beginning of the play as one in which the action burst into wild life. Shakespeares typical tragic worldview represents a complex human world of infinite variety. Macbeth, in contrast, is sparse and single-minded because it is a symbolic play which resorts to soliloquy and symbolic locales to echo the dichotomous world of the Christian morality plays. The focus of Macbeth, like that of Shakespeares famous tragedy Richard III, is an egotistical man with measureless will power who murders his way to the crown and, in doing so, alienates himself from the very world which he wishes to rule. It is commonly said by Shakespearean critics that Macbeths tragic flaw is ambition, and he himself admits that he has no drive but vaulting ambition, but it is ambition without reason or application. He does not, like Shakespeares Tamburlaine, believe it to be passing brave to be sovereign king and ride in triumph through his kingdom, or even desire the power which he would then have over his comrades. Indeed, the sole drive behind Macbeths ambition seems to be the act of competition itself, which is clearly shown by his celebrated success on the battlefield. The audience is introduced to Macbeth through the description by the Sergeant in Act I Scene II. The description of the battle scene and Macbeths eruptive entrance into the horde of kerns and gallowglasses reveals Macbeths ambition and the violence of his power. Brave Macbeth well he deserves that name Disdaining fortune, with his brandishd steel Which smokd with bloody execution, Like valours minion, carvd out his passage Till he facd the slave; Which neer shook hands, nor bade farewell to him, Till he unseamd him from the nave to th chaps, And fixd his head upon our battlements (I.ii. 16-23) Macbeths fierce interruption into The fray and his ruthless domination on the battlefield are indicative of his insatiable thirst for power and status in the political arena. The rhetoric of the soldiers description paints a picture of an epic struggle of good versus evil, with the defiant Macdonwald and the villanies of nature swarming like flies, and Macbeths interruption is both violently brutal and magnificent. This introduction to Macbeth is fitting, for he is a character of decisive action and agency, and his ruthless domination of the battlefield foreshadows his ruthless domination of the political scene as well. However, unlike Macbeth himself, his wife does not have agency of her own, and must enact her own desires and drive through the action of her husband. Her power lies in the power to persuade, and indeed it is argued that the female characters in Shakespeares play hold the real power in the action of the play itself. In Act 1 Scene 7, Lady Macbeth tries to drive her husbands courage to the sticking point by questioning his manhood. She mocks him with the reminder that it was his initial idea to plan the murders, and if he fails to follow through he is weak and impotent. What beast wast then / That made you break this enterprise to me? (I.vii. 47-48), suggesting that it was Macbeths own evil mind which began the murderous plan, and the witches manipulated his ambitious nature rather than revealing him to be the victim of fate. Lady Macbeth herself describes her husband: I do fear thy nature: Thou wouldst be great; Art not without ambition, but without The illness should attend it; what thou wouldst highly, That wouldst thou holly; wouldst not play false And yet wouldst wrongly win Hie thee hither, That I may pour my spirits in thine ear, And chastise with the valour of my tongue All that impedes thee from the golden round Which fate and metaphysical aid doth seem To have thee crownd withal (I.v.14-28) Lady Macbeth recognises that her husband has the potential for great power, but lacks the fundamental hard nature and cunning wit to achieve the high reaches for which they both aspire. She, however, has the necessary ruthless nature and calculating wit and vows to help her husband in his ascension to power. The characterisation of the relationship between Lord and Lady Macbeth, like that of the witches and Macbeth, reveals an anxiety of female power as manipulative and subversive. Macbeth is a murderer in thought if not in action at this point, and the lady acknowledges openly that his milk of human kindness will not dissuade him from attempting regicide, but only from catching the nearest way, that, executing it himself. Lady Macbeth, coming upon her husband as he finishes his soliloquy full of cold calculation of his success rate, questions his manhood as an attempt to persuade him to action. I dare do all that may become a man; / Who dares do more is none When you durst do it, then you were a man (I.vii. 46-7, 49). Lady Macbeth draws him on with the idea of decisive action, countering his doubts of the great taboos against the deed. Lacking the authority to both independently gain political and social power, and to enact the murders necessary to further their position, Lady Macbeth wields her powers of persuasion to manoeuvre her husband. According to Janet Adelman, the play strikingly constructs the fantasy of subjection to maternal malevolence in two parts, in the witches and in Lady Macbeth so that what the witches suggest about the vulnerability of men to female power on the cosmic plane, Lady Macbeth doubles on the psychological plane (Adelman 97). Critics have noted the parallel between Lady Macbeth and the witches in their attempt to subversively gain power over the male characters. In Macbeth, manhood is tied to ideals of strength and the force of will. Lady Macbeth uses the idea of manhood to manipulate her husband, knowing that in his desperate attempt to prove his manhood and advance politically he will do anything she tells him. Macbeth, under the influence of female power of both his wife and the weird sisters, murders Duncan, but his increasingly violent form of power is an attempt to escape from this manipulative feminine influence. Macbeth carries out the murderous intent which Lady Macbeth so shrewdly articulates, and despite his efforts to establish his own ambitious power, he embodies her fantasy of subversive power. And yet, Macbeth is unaware of his own manipulation and rejects the women in his life. To be dependent on a woman is to be threatened with a loss of autonomous selfhood, in essence emasculating him and stripping him of his source of masculine, martial power. Lady Macbeth, paralleled with the enigmatic power of the three witches, is representative of the cultures deepest fear of the subversive and destructive power of the feminine. Common critical opinion reduces Lady Macbeth to a fierce, cruel woman, brandishing a couple of daggers, and inciting her husband to butcher a poor old king (Jameson 369), and this sense of self-interested manipulation has shifted the culpability for the murder of the King away from Macbeth to the women whispering in his ear. Beyond the obvious concern with the problematics of political power as divinely bestowed, Macbeth is a play that explores the nature of masculine and feminine power. Lady Macbeth becomes the psychological force over her husband in order to arouse the initiative and violence for the deed, and in the act deprives Macbeth of his masculine power. Back to: Example Essays Works Cited Adelman, J. (1987) Born of Woman: Fantasies of Maternal Power in Macbeth in Cannibals, Witches, and Divorce: Estranging the Renaissance. ed. by M. Garber. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 90-121. Jameson, A. (1979) Characteristics of Women: Moral, Political and Historical, London: George Bell and Sons. Shakespeare, W. (1997) Macbeth. ed. by A. R. Braunmuller. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

The Great Gatsby :: essays research papers

THE GREAT GATSBY This novel is about the American dream or rather the dreams of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s. In the novel The Great Gastby notes on the careless and moral deteariation of the twenties. It is clear that fitzgerald has made a relation with his and Gatsby’s life. This can be seen in many different ways such as fitzgerald attended Yale college for a wile then went off to be in the army. In The Great Gatsby the character Gatsby went to Oxford then left to go to the army. Also Fitzgerald wanted to become a football player and I think that tom was another character by Fitzgerald that he wanted to be like. For tom was a big x football player who was rich. Fitzgerald as a boy dreamed of becoming a football hero. Football was also one of Fitzgerald's earliest attractions at Princeton University. Fitzgerald tried out for the Princeton freshman team but was cut within the first week. As a successful professional Fitzgerald translated his love of the game into two Saturday Evening Pos t stories. This novel is filled with multiple themes but the predominate one focuses on the death of the American Dream. This can be explained by how Gatsby came to get his fortune. Through his dealings with organized crime he didn't hold to the American Dream guidelines. Nick also suggests this with the manner in which he talks about all the rich characters in the story. The immoral people have all the money. The thought of repeating the past. Gatsby's whole being since going off to war is devoted to getting back together with Daisy and have things be the way they were before he left. That's why Gatsby got a house like the one Daisy used to live in right across the bay from where she lives. He expresses this desire by reaching towards the green light on her porch early in the book. The last paragraph, So we beat on, boats against the current, born back ceaselessly into the past reinforces this. Fitzgerald was in his twenty's when he wrote this novel and since he went to Princeton he was considered a spokesman for his generation. He wrote about the immorality that was besieging the 1920's. Organized crime ran rampant, people were partying all the time, and affairs were common play. The last of which Fitzgerald portrays well in this novel. Ernest Hemingway Fitzgerald's friend and literary rival once commented that "poor Scott Fitzgerald" was "wrecked" by his "romantic awe" of the rich.

Disability and Individual Disabled Person

* Explain the potential impact of disability on the outcomes and life chances of children and young people (CYP 3. 7 3. 1) The potential impact of disability on the outcomes and life chances of children and young people are that they get physical impairments and chronic medical conditions may compromise healthy development and disrupt their educational experiences. Adper children’s all round development, move on further into the future to have financial difficulties and restricted opportunities and career paths.All of these outcomes can destabilize families and relationships causing stress and depression. * The importance of positive attitudes towards disability and specific requirements helps a person with additional needs to feel more valued and equal to every other child or young person, it also prevents isolation of a child. A positive attitude ensures inclusive and tting. It builds positive relationships so that everyone in the setting and in the world feels respected, sa fe and happy where they live, and spend their time. Explain the social and medical models of disability and the impact of each on practice (CYP3. 7 3. 3) The medical model promotes the view of a disabled person as dependent and needing to be cured or cared for, and it justifies the way in which disabled people have been systematically excluded from society. The disabled person is the problem, not society. Control resides firmly with professionals; choices for the individual are limited to the options provided and approved by the ‘helping' expert.The medical model is sometimes known as the ‘individual model’ because it promotes the notion that it is the individual disabled person who must adapt to the way in which society is constructed and organised. By labelling a child because of their disability can prevent us from seeing the child as a whole person like their gender, culture and social background the medical models is a traditional view of disability and that through medical intervention the person can be cured where in fact in ost cases there is no cure. They expect disabled people to change to fit into society. * Explain the different types of support that are available for disabled children and young people and those with specific requirements (CYP3. 7 3. 4) Specialised services  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ in my setting we have a special educational needs coordinator and we use other services such as physio therapist, speech therapists, school nurse, social services we use these services in order to provide the right care for the children in need.

Manufacturing processes for bicycle frame and golf club

Almost every item we use in our everyday life has been manufactured in some way using a series of different techniques. The task set out in this assignment is to look at two everyday objects and discuss the ways in which they have been manufactured and what materials have been used and why these specific manufacturing techniques and materials have been used. We also have to look at other possible techniques and materials that could have been utilized instead and what effect this would have had on the final product. The two objects that I have decided to investigate are the bicycle frame and the golf club. I have chosen to investigate these two items due to their similarity in materials and manufacturing processes but also their diversity as I will demonstrate in the rest of the report. First I will look at the bicycle frame then the golf club and then finishing with a short conclusion and comparison of the two different objects. 2. BICYLE FRAME The concept of the bicycle was first conceived in the late 18th century in France where an inventor created a wooden hobby horse known as a Celerifere, which had two wheels connected with a beam [1]. From this idea there have been numerous alterations and improvements to every aspect of the design that have led to the invention of the modern bicycle. These include the materials used (wood – alloys – composites), the structural design and the techniques used to manufacture the frame. The design of the modern frame can be seen in figure 1, with the names of the tubes labelled on the picture. Figure 1 – Diagram of modern bicycle frame with all parts named [2] 2.1 Materials Modern bicycle frames can be made from a variety of different materials depending on its application. Standard bicycle frames are usually made from some form of metal alloy such as steel, titanium or aluminium. Steel and titanium alloy frames are generally more popular due to their increased strength over aluminium giving them a longer life. Aluminium alloy is an ideal material in applications where weight must be cut down and the loads placed on the frame are not excessive. The particular compositions of metals within the alloy are constantly being altered to improve weight, rigidity and strength. The strength of the material is particularly important in applications such as mountain biking and downhill racing where the frame comes under considerable loads. The structure of the frame also plays a large part in the loads it can take due to the front and rear triangles that distribute the load throughout the entire frame. In the last two decades the use of composite materials has become more popular, especially in racing bikes due to their increased strength and low weight. These frames are most commonly made with some form of structural fibre such as carbon or glass. Due to the increased strength along the axis of the fibre, single piece frames can be produced giving increased strength in the areas that require it. 2.2 Manufacturing Process Looking primarily at metal alloy frames, there are two main types of tube that can be produced. These are seamless tubes, which are drawn through several stages from a block of metal and the others are known as seamed tubes, which are made from sheet metal rolled into tubes and welded along the length of the tube. Seamless tubes are generally seen as the better alternative due to the fact that they do not have a seam running along their length, which could be a possible stress concentration area. The process for making seamless tubes is as follows: First the metal alloy to be used is annealed to soften it and then hollowed. Once it has been hollowed it is heated once again and then pickled in acid to remove any oxidation layers and then lubricated to prevent any oxidation after the pickling stage. Secondly the hollow is cut to the right dimensions and mitered, a process of shaping the ends of the hollows to fit the contours of the tube to which it is to be attached to. This process is done simply by sawing off the necessary shape of the fit and then filing it down to a smooth finish. Next the tubes go through a cold drawing process to get them to the right gauge by creating a thinner and longer tube. The tube can also be ‘butted', a process that increases the thickness of the tube at the ends due to the increased stresses located at these points and making the tube thinner near the centre as the stresses are smaller at this location. This process decreases the weight and increases the strength of the frame. The final stage in making the tubes is shaping and tapering them depending on which area of the bike they are to be used in. Once the tubes have all been made, they are joined together to form the frame using either some form of welding if the tubes are made from metal or joined using an adhesive if they are made from composite. The most coming joining method for metal frames is, by far, brazing welding. This process involves placing the tubes together and heating the joints up to create a white flux, cleaning and melting the joint. Next the brazing filler metal is added, usually brass, which melts below the temperature of the joints and flows around them creating an even seal (figure 2). This process is usually done by a machine but some specialist bike makers will still do this manually. This method of welding is preferred to others, such as MIG and TIG welding, as it can be completed at much lower temperatures and so not adversely affect the properties of the material as it may change its structure at high temperatures (i.e. steel). In some frame constructions welding is not required at all and rather a lug (figure 3) is used to fix the two frames together. This allows for easy bike maintenance and tube replacement with little effect on the rest of the frame, unlike its welded counterpart. For composite frames, rather than welding the frame together, which would be ineffective, the joints are glued together using a strong adhesive. The adhesives used are capable of sustaining the same force as effectively, if not better, than welded joints. Figure 2 – Example of braze Figure 3 – Aluminium lug connecting top tube and welding on an L-section [3] seat tube [4] While the joints are still hot enough, the frame is placed into a jig to ensure that all tubes are aligned properly and if not they are oriented to the right position before the metal cools. The frame is then pickled to remove any excess flux and brazing filler and then grinded for a smooth finish Small alignment changes can still be made once the frame has cooled. Finally the frames are taking to be painted to help protect them from oxidation. First the lubricant used to protect them after pickling is cleaned off and then an undercoat is painted onto the frames. After which, a coloured enamel is painted on either by hand or by passing the frame through an electrostatic painting room where the positively charged paint is attracted to the rotating negatively charged frame. Once the frame is finished it is ready for the rest of the bikes components to be added. 3. GOLF CLUB The origins of golf are unclear as many countries had some form of game involving hitting on object with a stick dating as far back as the Roman Empire. Golf as we know it today was popularised in Scotland in the 15th Century where players would use completely wooden clubs to hit a stuffed leather ball. It wasn't until the introduction of the modern hard rubber golf ball in 1848 [5] that the materials used in the club design were altered. First iron was introduced as a material for club heads, used to strike the ball. Wooden heads were still used for certain shot types. Wooden shafts were still used despite the head material until the early 20th century when the first steel shafts were introduced. In the following years specialised clubs were developed (i.e. sand wedge) and in 1970's the first composite shafts made from high strength materials were introduced but did not gain popularity straight away due to their apparent decrease in stiffness resulting in flexing. Developments into composite shafts have made them a popular alternative to steel shafts due to their light weight and strength. Figure 4 – Variety of different club heads [7] 3.1 Materials The materials used to manufacture a golf club vary widely depending on the part that is being made such as the grip, shaft and head. The grips can be made of either a moulded synthetic rubber or bound leather, materials with a high coefficient of friction preventing slip. The shaft material can sometimes depend on the application of the club (driver, putter etc.) and are generally made from a stainless steel, titanium or aluminium for metal frames and a carbon/boron fibre reinforced epoxy. The material used for the golf heads can depend a lot on the type of club that it is. For wood type clubs the most popular materials to use are similar to those used for the shafts; stainless steel, titanium and carbon fibre epoxy. Oversized wood heads are often filled with synthetic foam so that the weight is similar to a smaller headed club. It is still possible to purchase wooden heads for the club but these are generally more for aesthetic and traditional purposes than for performance. Irons and wedges generally have heads made from stainless steel, titanium, tungsten, beryllium nickel/copper or a combination of these materials. Putters can be made from a lighter, weaker material such as aluminium due to the low impact forces that they sustain as they travel at slower velocities. 3.2 Manufacturing Process As mentioned previously there are three components to the golf club, the grip, shaft and head. Each can be made using a variety of techniques that depend on the material being used and the preference of the manufacturer. The synthetic rubber grips are made by placing the end of the shaft into a hollow die, the required shape of the grip, and injecting the rubber into the hollow. The mould is then left to harden and the shaft is removed from the mould. Depending on the material the shafts can be created in numerous ways. If the shafts are made from steel or stainless steel then they will be made by a process known as tube drawing. There are several different methods for this process such as rod drawing, fixed mandrel drawing and tube sinking. As these methods are closely related I will only look at the situation where the shafts are made via tube sinking. This process involves pulling the tube part way through a die that has a slightly smaller inner diameter than the tube, causing the tube to neck down in diameter. This is down several times with smaller lengths of the tube. This process helps to reduce the weight of the shaft and increase its strength in the areas of greatest stress (i.e. the shaft/head connection). If the tube is made from a carbon fibre composite a different process can be used. The most common is known as pultrusion where the carbon fibres are fed through a heated die with epoxy resin being fed through at the same time (figure 5). The resin hardens under the heat and forms the shaft. The composite shaft does not need to be necked during its manufacture. The metal club heads are made by a process called investment casting. A die, often made of rubber or metal, is made in two separate halves and has a hollow in the shape of the part to be moulded to allow easy removal once the mould has hardened. Wax is injected into the mould and left to harden. The mould is removed and the process is repeated several times until a collection of moulds have been produced. These moulds are then placed on the stem of a ‘tree' known as a sprue. The sprue is then invested with liquid slurry and coated in a ceramic powder and left to dry. This process is repeated until the coat is roughly 5-10mm thick. The investment is then placed in a furnace at about 550 – 1100 oC to melt the wax, which is allowed to flow out of an opening in the bottom of the cast. The cast is then fired and preheated and then inverted to allow the molten metal to be poured into the opening of the cast. Once the metal has cooled and hardened the ceramic shell is broken apart and the heads are removed from the tree. The heads are then finished with a heat treatment to harden the surface of the material and then grinded and polished for a clean surface finish. Another possible method of creating the heads is to heat up a stock piece of metal and forge it in a die to produce the part needed (figure 6). The advantage to this method is an increase in strength as the grains follow the flow of the component rather than being broken up due to casting and machining. The disadvantages of this method can be a poor surface finish and the component will usually have to go through several finishing stages to get the finished piece. Figure 5 – Composite shaft being made Figure 6 – Club head made through the  through the process of pultrusion [6] process of forging [6] Once all the parts have been made the shaft needs to be connected to the head. This can be done by a variety of methods such as creating a thread on the end of the shaft and a thread socket in a short tubular protrusion on the head and screwing them together. Another method is to place the shaft into the head socket and drill a hole through both tubes and inserting a metal pin, set with an epoxy resin. If the shaft is made from a carbon fibre composite it is connected to the head using an adhesive, with the advancements in adhesive technologies it is now possible to use an adhesive to bond metal shafts to the heads. The final stage is to check the surface for any blemishes, removing them, and then giving the surface a final polish. 4. CONCLUSION The two most similar components of the two items are the tubes of the bike frame and the shaft of the golf club. Both these components are made from the same general materials such as steel, titanium, aluminium and carbon fibre composite but utilize different methods in their construction. While the bike frame tubes are made from hollowing out lengths of metal and then cold drawing them to achieve the right gauge, golf club shafts are made directly from another method of tube drawing known as tube sinking where the tube is drawing through a die with decreasing diameter, creating a necked tube. Although these methods could be interchanged with each other they usually stick with their own methods as they give the best properties to the components. A similarity in connecting the parts together in both examples was found with the use of an adhesive to bond the carbon fibre tubes of the bike frame and even the metal shaft of the golf club with the head. Although this method could also be implemented with the metal bike frame the common method of joining is still blaze welding as its seen as the most economic method to use.